Tech-Cult

JAGUAR XK REVIEW

JAGUAR XK "PUT ON ACCELERATOR AND SIT ON JAGUAR"



More than three decades since the iconic XK went to cat heaven, its spirit lives on in a new breed of sleek Jaguar coupes and convertibles. The latest Jaguar XK maintains classic design cues like the oval grille, but adds a modern all-aluminum body and high-tech features designed to better appeal to today's luxury car buyers.

Thanks to recent upgrades, the Jaguar XK boasts substantial performance capabilities that don't come at the cost of luxury or charm. Although it's certainly not perfect, Jag's much-improved XK deserves serious consideration. 

JAGUAR MODELS:-

1. Jaguar XK S Couple 5.0L Supercharged ( 5000 CC, Automatic) Rs 88 Lacs

2. Jaguar XK R 5.0L  V8 Petrol Convertible ( 5000 CC, Automatic) Rs 97 Lacs

3. Jaguar XK R 5.0L V8 Petrol Coupe ( 5000 CC, Automatic) Rs 93 Lacs

4. Jaguar XK R Convertible Special Edition ( 5000 CC, Automatic) Rs 1.27 Crores

5. Jaguar XK R Coupe Special Edition ( 5000 CC, Automativc) Rs 1.27 Crores

OVERVIEW:-

 

Since its inception in the 1930s, Jaguar has tried to combine grace, space and pace into one superlative package. Models like the SS100, the E-type and the XK were built upon that vision – a vision Jaguar’s current range continues to uphold. However, after driving Jaguar’s fastest production car, the XKR-S coupé, you can’t help but think that the formula has gotten a bit skewed.
The current Jaguar XK, XKR and XKR-S are all available in two-door coupe and convertible body styles. The standard XK comes with a 5.0-liter V8 good for 385 horsepower and 380 pound-feet of torque. The XKR offers a supercharged version of that engine cranking out 510 hp and 461 lb-ft of torque. In the supercharged XKR-S, output is pumped up to 550 hp and 502 lb-ft. All engines are paired with a six-speed automatic with paddle shifters for manual shift control. Controlling the transmission is one of the XK's more distinctive features -- a rotary shift knob rises out of the center console after you press the pulsating start button. It's a bit gimmicky, but easy to use.

Jaguar India has proved itself once again, that its cars are one of the most stylish and luxurious ones available in the market today. And the fine example of this is Jaguar XK, which is high on performance and power. Look wise, the Jaguar XK is capable of making its rivals go green with envy. This stylish looking car is available in wide color range and the 20 inches of alloy wheels beautifully fit into the well carved wheel arches. Under the hood, Jaguar XK comes with a dynamic and robust 5.0 litre of AJ V8 GEN III supercharged petrol engine that generates 510 PS of maximum power at 6000-6500 rpm along with 625 Nm of peak torque at 2500-5500 rpm. The engine has been coupled with six speed automatic transmission that has Jaguar’s sequential Shift. The adaptive dynamics, active differential, high performance braking system and dynamic stability control makes the new Jaguar XK top notch on the road.

DESIGN AND EXTERIOR:-

1. INTERIOR :-

The cabin of the Jaguar XK competes with the exterior design for elegance, craftsmanship, sophistication and style. Jaguar XK India has a high quality cabin and a generous interior features list which involves handsome artwork using the finest metal switchgear, soft-grain leather coverings, wood veneers, and smooth chrome. The interior features of Jaguar XK India include leather heated and cooled seats, a heated leather steering wheel, humidity control, an auxiliary input jack, a message center and trip computer, keyless entry and push button start. Standard entertainment features include a Bowers and Wilkins premium sound system, a six-disc CD changer, an auxiliary power outlet, Windows Media Audio with MP3 disc compatibility , navigation, a seven-inch touch screen and SIRIUS Satellite Radio.

Interior Measurement:-

The Jaguar XK's interior isn't the roomiest in its class , though its front-seat legroom is far better than average and its dimensions are manageable for adults. The backseat exists only in name; there is no legroom unless the front occupants slide forward. The Jaguar XK doesn’t have a lot of trunk space either. On the convertible, there is 11.1 cubic feet of trunk space with the roof up and 7.1 cubic feet with the convertible top down. The coupe has a little more space measuring 11.7 cubic feet. Interior cargo space is also limited. Up front, there is a small center console, shallow door pockets and two cup-holders. So, the rear seats come in handy only to be used in conjunction with the cargo space.

2. EXTERIOR:-


From no angle is the XK a subtle car, especially not the front. While it’s based on the XK, the pursuit of pace has lead to extensive modifications. Optimizing the aerodynamics meant adding air inlets on the bumper, a new upside-down grille and a carbon-fibre splitter to reroute the air flow under the car, and slots on the bonnet to help cool the engine. Bigger side skirts give the impression that the car is hugging the ground. At the rear are more carbon-fibre bits, like the wing on the boot-lid and the diffuser underneath. The end result is a reduction in aerodynamic lift by 26 percent with no increase in drag. In fact, the XK looks more like a racing car than an elegant grand tourer. On the inside, though, are all the creature comforts you’d expect from a Jaguar. The sporty, frame-hugging seats are well padded and lined with imitation carbon-fibre, and offer 16-way power adjustment. There is two-zone climate control, a 525W Bowers & Wilkins audio system and a reversing camera. Clearly there have been no Lamborghini Superleggera-style cutbacks to save weight, and the unchanged 1.73-tonne kerb weight proves as much.

The style and luxury epitomized in Jaguar XK is an example of best design, engineering and technology. Jaguar works whole heatedly on its cars to bring that awe expression on face. Even passing by a Jaguar XK creates some uneasiness inside; such is the aura of the luxury on wheels. Jaguar offers both coupe and convertible styles of Jaguar XKR and both possess supremacy in terms of looks. Its sweeping, athletic lines ooze out abundant visual energy. The aluminum body of Jaguar XK not just reduces its overall weight but results in overall aerodynamics which in turn improves car performance, particularly in convertible models.

The front look I already uttered that cannot be digested in just a glimpse, Jaguar’s super luxurious car demands gaze. The automatic slimline Bi-function HID Xenon headlights have LED daylight running lights; washers which operate with the ‘screen wash-wipe’ function and can be leveled automatically. The front bumper has chrome outboard bezel and black mesh inserts. The two part grille is the most attractive feature in the exteriors. The mesh grille has gloss black finish and the upper grille is outlined by chrome. The bonnet louvers has Supercharged scripted on it. The paint finish on the body will make you fall in love with this car. The sloping windscreen is heated automatically and possesses rain sensing wipers.
Exterior Measurement:-

Jaguar XK has a length of 4794 mm and width including the ORVMs of 2028 mm . However, the overall width with mirrors folded is 1892 mm. The height of Jaguar XKR Coupe is 1322 mm while that of XKR Convertible is 1329 mm. The wheelbase is 2752 mm. The car is blessed with ground-hugging proportions which can be seen in its ground clearance measuring 100 mm. XKR has a turning circle radius of 10.9 m.

PERFORMANCE AND ENGINE:-

Jaguar XK is a very stylish car and is offered in Coupe and convertible body styles. But both the variants are powered by the same 5.0 litre V8 supercharged engine, which conveniently churns out 512 PS of peak power accompanied by 625 Nm of maximum torque. The six speed automatic gearbox with Jaguar Sequential Shift has been well-mated with this 5000cc of petrol engine. When accelerated, the stylish Jaguar XF whooshes away with a top speed of 250 km per hour and take up merely 4.8 seconds to go from 0 to 100 kmph speed mark , which is highly impressive.


The XK was unveiled in 2011 with 542bhp, making it the most powerful production car from Jaguar yet. It trumps the standard XKR by 40bhp and its 300kph top speed is faster by 50kph. The 0-100 time is down by almost half a second to 4.8sec, and that’s despite the weight remaining the same.

But even before you turn a wheel, what sets the mood in the XK is the exhaust note. Exhaust gases from both banks of cylinders intersect via a beautiful X-piece. The deep, throaty rumble this Jag makes is guttural and raw, and it resonates in the cabin, egging you to go faster. Sweetening the experience further are flaps in the exhaust that add more depth to the sound. But it isn’t all about making your hair stand on end – the new exhaust is also responsible for unleashing many of the extra horses on the XK by reducing back-pressure and adding a manic edge to the way the revs build. The remapped ECU also gives sharper responses and quicker gear shifts.

But all such facts and numbers remain meaningless until you get in and drive the car. And once you’ve driven it, the numbers cease to matter. That’s because driving the XK fast is an experience that makes you breathe faster, leaves your hands clammy and your knees shaking just a little. There is an urgency in everything the XK does that just puts you on the edge, especially in Dynamic mode. The power and torque from the perfectly square AJ V8 motor are spread across the rev range, but there is so much of it on tap and such is the connection between the throttle pedal and the engine that no matter what speed you’re at or in which gear, even a light tap on the throttle results in a neat shove in the back. Mash the throttle hard and the engine revs angrily to the 6,500rpm mark. The six-speed gearbox is quick to shift up, adding to the sizzling pace. Downshifts are quick too, although getting the gearbox to shift down requires prior planning and revs to spare.

RIDE,BRAKING AND HANDLING:-



To make the XK lighter on its feet an extensive overhaul of the suspension was carried out, including lowering the ride height, increasing the spring rates, beefing up the uprights and lightening the components.
The XK also uses forged 20-inch wheels which are lighter and wrapped with stickier rubber. Nothing has been overlooked; the electronic rear differential and the DSC have been recalibrated to allow for a sportier driving experience. The lenient ‘Trac’ DSC system allows drivers to indulge in lurid drifts without ESP intervention, and it even has a launch mode. It is immediately apparent that Jaguar’s efforts to make the XK more “pointy” have worked. The light steering commands changes of direction with such quickness and immediacy that if it weren’t for the supportive seats you’d get knocked around like a sack of potatoes. The revised suspension has a firmness that seems very businesslike without being brutal. 
 

The handling of the Jaguar XK is smooth and very dynamic. The car features Adaptive Dynamics that examine speed, body movements and steering about 500 times per second and then according adjust the suspension with the electronic damper that help in achieving the right balance between precise handling and comfort. To enhance the handling system of the car, Jaguar XK also features DSC or Dynamic Stability Control, which acts whenever the wheels are slipping. The braking system of Jaguar XK is quite advanced. The car variants are blessed with emergency brake assist that automatically activates anti lock braking system when ever emergency brakes are applied. The 380mm of front discs brakes with aluminium calipers give in more control and sensitivity . Cruise control and Automatic Speed Limiter system are also installed as standard features in Jaguar XK and proffer augmented expediency when driving. 

Jaguar XK is well-equipped with numerous safety features, which not only aims to protect the passengers, but also make sure that the car is also safe and secure. The ARTS or Adaptive Restraint Technology System of Jaguar is present in XK that safeguard the front seat passengers in case of accident. Within a matter of seconds, this system detects the seat position and the status of seat belts and set out airbags in the best possible way. Another high point in the safety department of Jaguar XK is the roll over protection in Jaguar XK (Convertible). In case the car rolls over completely, 2 big hoops beneath the rear tonneau are set out in just 65 milliseconds . Jaguar Smart key system ensures keyless entry and start. Front and rear parking cameras and present with touch screen visual aids. The Perimeter Sensing and Sounder, Microwave Intrusion Sensor surrounds you within safe hands. Remote central locking and Valent Mode are also available .

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:-






JAGUAR VARIANTS:-


Variants Transmission Engine Description Mileage Power AC Power Steering Central Locking
CityHighway
5.0L V8 Petrol Convertible (Petrol) Automatic 5000cc
8 Cylinder 32 Valve
5.8 12.0 503bhp @ 6000-6500rpm Standard Standard Standard
5.0L V8 Petrol Coupe (Petrol) Automatic 5000cc
8 Cylinder 32 Valve
5.9 12.0 503bhp @ 2500-5500rpm Standard Standard Standard
R Convertible Special Edition (Petrol) Automatic 5000cc
8 Cylinder 32 Valve
5.8 12.0 503bhp @ 6000-6500rpm Standard Standard Standard
R Coupe Special Edition (Petrol) Automatic 5000cc
8 Cylinder 32 Valve
5.9 12.0 503bhp @ 2500-5500rpm Standard Standard Standard
R-S Coupe 5.0L Supercharged (Petrol) Automatic 5000cc
8 Cylinder 32 Valve
5.3 11.6 542bhp @ 6000-6500rpm Standard Standard Standard


COURTESY : AARUSH

JAGUAR XF


JAGUAR XF  "ANOTHER TYPHOON"


Jaguar, the British marque and a well renowned name in the luxury car section is going to uncover XF S 2.2 at the 1very end of year 2012 or at the beginning of 2013. The luxury vehicle was earlier expected to launch in the third quarter of 2012 and is expected to hold a 2.2-litre, four-cylinder diesel engine under its hood. With an eight-speed automatic transmission gearbox this executive vehicle offers best in class performance.The vehicle is going to enter India through the CKD route so it might be priced less than before giving it an edge over its arch rivals like Audi A6, Mercedes-Benz E-Class and BMW 5-Series. Jaguar XF price tag at present is more in comparison to its competitors, hence the CKD route strategy is going to act as a massive advantage in the British marque’s direction.

JAGUAR MODELS:-

Jaguar XF 5.0 Litre V8 Petrol Photo   Jaguar XF 5.0 Litre V8 Petrol (5000 CC Automatic) Rs 60 Lacs

 Jaguar XF R Supercharged 5.0 Litre V8 Petrol Photo  Jaguar XF R Supercharged 5.0 Litre V8 Petrol ( 5000 CC Automatic) Rs 75 Lacs

Jaguar XF Diesel Photo   Jaguar XF Diesel (2993 CC Automatic) Rs 49 Lacs

Jaguar XF S 2.2 Photo   Jaguar XF S 2.2 ( 2993 CC Automatic) Rs 49 Lacs

OVERVIEW:-


Jaguar XF was launched in 2008 and received a positive response from the richies in India. As it completes nearly three years in the market, the company has given a make-over to the saloon and brought out a facelifted Jaguar XF. All the changes in the new Jaguar XF are barely cosmetic with the exteriors and interiors tweaked. The Jaguar cars are regarded as bold and beautiful and the new XF series has got all the attributes installed. The car not only comes fitted with luxurious interior features but also with super cool innovative technologies. Jaguar unveiled the revised version of the XF at the 2011 New York Auto Show earlier this year. This updated and upgraded car went on sale around the world in the middle of this year, and considering that Tata now owns the JLR brands, this new XF will surely adorn some wealthy garages in India. Jaguar is filling a lot of action in the Indian luxury car market and knows it can’t afford to be slow to offer its very latest. This speaks as to why Jaguar has brought in the face-lifted XF saloon.

Jaguar XF was in true sense, a head-turner for the Tata-owned British luxury car maker, Jaguar. After a steep decline in sales during recent years, the company went back to pencil and paper and redesigned its XF saloon. With the face-lifted XF, Jaguar has the potential to really take the fight to the German trio of BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Audi. The XF, which takes-on other premium luxury sedans such as the BMW 5 Series, Mercedes-Benz E-Class and Audi A6, offers a great substitute in a section which is otherwise only occupied firmly by the German auto giants. But as these three big German luxury car makers launched updated versions of their offerings in this segment recently, the task Jaguar is rather tough.

The new Jaguar XF is truly a visual treat. The front end is aggravated with all the changes, after all it is the first impression of a car. The refreshed car gets a new nose. The slim new headlights now identifies with those on the flagship Jaguar XJ saloon. Fresh slit headlights and distinctive LED lighting strips sets it visually apart from the rounded twin cluster headlamp design of the previous model. The grille is stretched now as compared to the erstwhile model while the front bumper has been redesigned to go with the updated styling. The section under bumper also gets bit of styling with 3 airdams, the outside pair of which is now intersected by twisted chrome fins. Towards the rear, the tail light design is again reformed. Even the rear of the car has been redesigned with LED technology. 
 

The interior of the XF getting subtle now, receives redesigned seats, restyled steering wheel and an all-new colour central and dial-mounted screens relaying reprogrammed navigation and entertainment software. Apart from some new technology on board, the new Jaguar XF boasts a fascia that seems to mimic its larger sibling, the XJ.

The bigger-engined XF range has proven adept at taking on all-comers at the upper levels of the class since its introduction, but it took until cosmetic and detail technical tweaks for the 2012 model year before the XF became available with a 2.2-litre diesel, a type of engine whose sales dominate the sector. An estate is due late in 2012, too, thus completing a highly competent range.

DESIGN AND EXTERIOR:-

1. INTERIOR:-


Redesigned seats and new trim pieces complete the list of changes in the interiors of Jaguar XF. The Jaguar XF is beautifully designed to fill that aroma of luxury while drive. It owns all those supreme luxury finishes which will simply take your heart away. It melts wood veneers along with the supple leather and shining aluminum to give a contemporary look which you will never forget in life. The designing is too exclusive to XF with every part showing huge work done by craftsmen. The interior depicts modern looks and still assures you the traditional comfort. Coming to the performance oriented detailing in Jaguar XF, it again deserves a patent as it is exclusive and new in market. Its seats are in soft grain leather giving comfort and style. Seats are adjustable as per convenience. The 5 seater Jaguar XF has lofty seating arrangements.

The designing though being eye catchy still maintains some serenity and simplicity in it. It promises simplicity and luxury in its own unique ways. The dash is jeweled up with little hallo illumination around 2 trip meter, Jaguar Drive Selector console, switch panels, Electric Parking Brake and the start-stop button. These detailing simply enhances the car interior and facilitate the driver n small yet peculiar ways. The 4 door salon has a good boot space of 462 litres.

 

There’s now a slightly different design and material specification for the steering wheel’s audio and cruise control panels, and the ventilation controls. There’s also some new leather seat designs and a few slightly different fascia trims – and that’s about all.Which is good news, because the XF has, since its launch, set a high standard when it comes to appealing, contemporary style and the luxurious feel of its interior. It’s reassuring to find that’s still the case, especially now that the car, since the introduction of the 2.2 diesel, is available at a lower price.

It remains a real treat, and a pleasing piece of automotive theatre, to settle into this cosseting cockpit, press the starter button and watch the gear selector dial rise to meet your fingertips, as the air vents rotate in their housings. Being in a BMW 5-series, Mercedes E-class or even the new and relatively lavishly appointed Audi A6 seems a dull and cold experience by comparison.

Interior Measurements:-

The new Jaguar XF saloon treats you like its master and obeys your commands at a click. A powerful AC with dual zone climate control, cruise control and rear AC vents commences the comfort list on Jaguar XF. Power windows, remote control opening for boot and fuel lid, power steering with tilt adjustments for reaching and raking and audio controls for easy access to infotainment system are the other Jinis being operated with ease. The XF saloon gives you all the comfort front and rear armrest, rear wiper and rear defogger. Tinted glass with provides protection from heat and rain sensor wipers on windscreen along with electrically heated, auto dimming power foldable ORVMs with approach lamps and side repeaters are boastful. Auto headlamp and auto washer makes the Jaguar XF more than a car.

2. EXTERIOR:-


The sports saloon from Jaguar has increased horizons of sporting credentials in automobile world. The new Jaguar XF is assonant on mechanics but the exteriors of Jaguar XF are tweaked drastically. New Jaguar XF saloon in the D+ category of cars is bestowed with a fresh look. Designers at Jaguar labs have worked aggressively and went back to sketchboard to design the new Jaguar XF. It is evident from their work that the facelift XF follows the design language of XJ flagship sedan. The XF now sports an all-new face at the front end with slim headlight set into which are LED strips sitting either side of the grille. The grille in turn has become more upright and wide. A lower bonnet line complete with a pronounced, wider power bulge running down the center adds a purposeful stance. This is joined by a refreshed front bumper. The section under bumper also gets bit of styling with 3 airdams, the outside pair of which is now intersected by twisted chrome fins. The car has a new nose and exciting roof with sweeping line.

At the rear of the car the tail lamp units have been redone with LEDs, while the units themselves now extend further into the boot lid with a new chrome blade placed below Jaguar logo. The beautiful 10 spoke alloy wheels shed luxury and looks simply sporty and assertive. The exterior is simply mesmerizing for all those who fantasies luxury with power. The exterior will simply blow your mind with those interesting cuts and lines on its body, giving it an incomparably look in its segment.


The four-pot diesel motor is the main event in Jaguar’s 2012 model year upgrades for the XF, but there are numerous noteworthy alterations elsewhere too. The styling changes give the XF the front-end it should always have had: sleeker and more in keeping with the graceful lines that make this (by the estimation of all our testers, at least) the best-looking car in its class by some margin.

The back end and interior have been tweaked, too. Rear lights have been given LEDs and redesigned so that they extend further into the boot beneath the chrome strip. This seems to balance the styling a little, even if the changes are fairly subtle. Inside, the XF has been given a very subtle tidy-up, improving the ergonomics but maintaining its design flair.

Exterior Measurement:-

Overall length, wheelbase, width and height of the all new Jaguar XF are 4961mm, 2053 mm and 1460 mm respectively which is in perfect ratio that makes it a well balanced and controlled car. It has a wheelbase of 2909 mm.

PERFORMANCE AND ENGINE:-


 3.0-litre V8 is one of the strongest reasons to buy this car. It impresses the moment you thumb the pulsing engine start-stop button. It is refined, smooth and with a thumping 274bhp and 61.1kgm of torque, a lot more powerful and torquier than its German rivals.

There is a bit of throttle lag when moving off the line but once past 2000rpm, the car squats on its haunches and pretty much blows you away. But that’s not all – the six-speed ZF automatic gearbox is designed to lock up its torque converter without hesitation and the result is a transmission with a more direct and immediate feel. Gearshifts are lightning-quick and I particularly love the way the gearbox aggressively downshifts from high revs, just like in a sports car. The electronics even blip the throttle for you when you pull on the downshift paddle.


Jaguar India lately came up with a diesel engine powered Jaguar XF that was loaded with a 3.0 litre, 2993cc, AJ-V6 diesel S powertrain generating awesome power of 275 Ps at 4000 rpm and mind-blowing torque of 600 Nm at 2000 rpm via six-speed ZF 6HP28 automatic transmission; furthermore, the vehicle can do 0-100 kmph sprint in less than 6 seconds. The Jaguar XF diesel has been customized by Jaguar engineers in the UK for the Indian market. With ride height adapted for Indian conditions and a non-DPF diesel engine, the 3.0L Diesel XF has been fully homologated and certified at ARAI for the Indian market. This symbolizes the importance and Jaguar’s commitment to the fast growing Indian premium luxury car market. This engine along with the other two is kept the far away from any changes and all the 3 engines are used as it is in the facelift.

The other two engines on board are petrol trimmed. The Jaguar XF petrol is available with two variants in India i.e. Jaguar XF 5.0 Litre V8 Petrol and Jaguar XF R Supercharged 5.0 Litre V8 Petrol. The petrol operated Jaguar XF is endowed with a 5.0 litre, V8 petrol engine produces highest power of 385Ps at 6500 rpm and churns out maximum torque of 515 Nm at 3500 rpm with the help of a six speed automatic gearbox. The top speed of the car is 250 kmph and it can make 0-100 kmph mark in just 5.7 seconds.

The variant is packed with a 5.0 litre; supercharged V8 petrol engine develops outstanding power of 510 Ps at 6000-6500 rpm and belts out top torque of 625 Nm at 2500-5500 rpm that give enough calibers to the car and results in 0-100 kmph mark in only 4.9 seconds. However, this variant is not displayed in showrooms in India but can be imported by the company on orders.

RIDE, BRAKING AND HANDLING:-


The front brakes used in Jaguar XF are ventilated and the rear brakes are disc brakes to avoid any mishap during accidental situations. Not just that, a lot of electronics also detect early threats and senses that the car can go out of control, and thus instruct Jaguar XF to get control over itself. Anti Lock-braking system along with EBD (Electronic Braking System) is helpful in preventing the wheels from locking up during emergencies, thus making the handling of the Jaguar XF quite easy. All independent suspension system is used in the luxury saloon. 6 speed Electronic Automatic Transmission with Jaguar Sequential renders a butter smooth drive on Indian roads.

Jaguar XF uses all latest and intelligent technologies to keep your car safe and you being free from tensions. It comes with Jaguar smart key system which makes it possible to conduct keyless entry and start. It also features pedestrian contact sensing to protect your wealth from outside danger. The front and rear camera keeps you aware of the ambiance and thus avoiding any mishap. The remote control central locking and security system keeps you safe and secure with Jaguar sport saloon.

ABS and EBD enhance the safety in Jaguar XF with along with 8 airbags, front and rear parking sensor, fog lamps, traction control, and ESP (Electronic Stability Program). 3 rear seat belts are given with Jaguar XF.

Most variants of the XF get adaptive dampers, which can be set-up ever so slightly more firmly for press-on driving on smooth surfaces, but most of the time their standard mode is more than adequate. Simply, it's a car well set up on dampers that suit all occasions – an ideal balance not only for the mundane duties that this car will generally be tasked with, but also one that allows for that crucial spark of entertainment that too often gets sacrificed in a car of this class.

Meanwhile, the XF steers with unerring accuracy and even a little road feel, a rarity in this class. The overall handling balance is fine, too. Arguably the purest handler of them all is the naturally-aspirated 5.0 V8, which has lots of power but combines that with a lighter weight in its nose than the XF, so feels a touch more agile.

There's no denying the XF is an entertainer, though. At its limit it'll understeer a touch but there's so much power and torque that it can be driven through very easily. If you're so inclined, it's a real drift machine.
Ultimately, though, it's the deftness of ride and handling and steering that leaves the XF, to this day, our favorite car in the class to drive.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:-

Jaguar XF Variants:-

VariantsTransmissionEngine DescriptionMileagePowerACPower SteeringCentral Locking
CityHighway
5.0 Litre V8 Petrol (Petrol)Automatic5000cc
8 Cylinder 32 Valve
5.712.0379.7bhp @ 6500rpmStandardStandardStandard
R Supercharged 5.0 Litre V8 Petrol (Petrol)Automatic5000cc
8 Cylinder 32 Valve
5.712.0503bhp @ 6000-6500rpmStandardStandardStandard
Diesel (Diesel)Automatic2993cc
6 Cylinder 24 Valve
10.2613.53271.2bhp @ 4000rpmStandardStandardStandard


















Courtesy : Aarush














JAGUAR XJ REVIEW

JAGUAR XJ " THE ULTIMATE RIDING EVER BY A SEDAN"


The first car badged Jaguar XJ appeared in 1968, with 2.8 and 4.2-litre straight-six engines. Through three different series this Mk1 remained in production right until 1992, although latterly only in small numbers in V12 form. The rest of the range had already been replaced by the square-headlamped 1986 XJ40. There was a return to round lights in the mid-1990s, and steel-bodied XJs continued until 2003 and the introduction of the aluminium X350-series XJ.

Fast forward to today and the latest XJ couldn’t be more different. That it’s more confident and forward-looking in appearance is in absolutely no doubt. It’s part of an outwardly and inwardly revived Jaguar marque that seems more comfortable within itself, having found its place as a maker of, as Jaguar’s strapline says, “fast, beautiful cars”.

The mainstay of the range is the V6-powered 3.0-litre diesel, which will take the vast majority of sales. Jaguar is offering normally aspirated V8 and supercharged Supersports V8 petrol-engined versions of this luxury saloon, too, but they are fringe sellers.

Trim levels run from Luxury, through Premium Luxury to Portfolio, with all versions available in long or standard wheelbase forms.

JAGUAR XJ MODELS:-

  Jaguar XJ Premium Luxury 3.0 L ( Automatic Diesel with 10.5 KM PL)- Rs 90.41 Lacs


 Jaguar XJ Super Sport 5.0 L ( Automatic Petrol with 10.5 KM PL)- Rs 90.41 Lacs


 Jaguar XJ Portfolio 5.0 L ( Automatic Petrol with 10.5 KM PL)- Rs 90.41 Lacs


 Jaguar XJ Ultimate 5.0 L (Automatic Petrol with 10.5 KM PL)- Rs 90 Lacs
                       ( To be Launched Soon)


OVERVIEW:-


The all new Jaguar XJ comes loaded with a 5.0 L supercharged AJ 8-cylinder V GEN III petrol engine with four-valve technology which belts out 385 PS of peak power at 6,500 rpm and churns 515 Nm at 3500 rpm. The 5000cc supercharged engine is coupled with ZF 6 speed transmission. The gearbox type is shift-by-wire six speed transmission that ensures drivers to change the gears manually without operating the clutch which can be done through steering wheel-mounted paddles. The all-new Jaguar XJ luxury sedan is loaded with sophisticated technology and features which include LED tail lights, Active Differential Control, air suspensions, Adaptive Dynamics (continuously variable damping), quick power steering, four zone climate control, rain sensing windscreen wipers, front parking aid, 12.3 inch full colour TFT-LCD instrument cluster with virtual information display and the list goes on and on.

The four-door saloon which comes in very design of sports coupe is more spacious than any other luxury car. The interior design of the car make one to feel free with 125mm of extra leg room for passenger and tear-drop shape of side window support it well. In addition, glass roof can be swept back for more natural light. Passive and active safety features make this vehicle more desirable than any other luxury saloon to name a few including pedestrian contact sensor, 3 flash land indicators, airbags at front and side (driver and passenger), airbag-side curtain, frontseats-whiplash protection system and seat belt reminder front and rear.

DESIGN :-

1. INTERIOR:-


As soon as you enter in the cabin of the super luxury saloon, you must appreciate the design and advanced features from multimedia to sexy finish. It gives you the feeling of total comfort with handy use of instruments. You will first see the craftsmanship when you sit on driver's seat which is fitted with ample head and leg room. The three spoke leather steering wheel attract you to drive the car with highly advanced multimedia features. The front and rear portion is covered by premium carpet mat set whereas the front and rear seat come in soft grain leather.

The pan panoramic glass roof can be opened for natural lights and can be operated automatically. For avoiding scorching heat, a dark tint reflective coating is provided. Mirror-matched wood veneers curve add to the beauty of the car interiors which come in eleven shades. The veneers are borrowed from 1950's classic wooden speedboats.

One more exciting feature is there in the saloon, bathed in light. The bathed in light make the car a more luxurious place in night by turning blue. The light blue mood spreads in the cabin and turns you crazy.
Interior Comfort


The new luxury vehicle of Jaguar India launches a car with advanced technology and good comfort features. The car is spacious whether it is front or rear portion of the car. Head and legroom is ample for every passenger and driver itself. At the rear row around 1 meter of leg room is created for comfy seating. Twin Cup holder at front and rear seat's centre armset is also equipped with twin cup holders. A small storage compartment is encraved in the front centre console area for small things. Driver's foot rest and rear business trays and front ashtray with cigar lighters are provided especially for those who like to smoke in the car. Four zone climate control is also fitted for luxury.
















Interior Measurements

The Jaguar XJ is regarded as the latest luxury saloon with four door which provides accommodation to five people. Five people can be accommodated easily in the car. The engineers of company managed to carve a nice rear legroom of 1,121mm which also make passengers' journey very special and comfortable. A nice headroom and legroom for all passenger and drive is provided for comfortable riding experience.

The XJ’s driving position itself is fine and features a particularly well shaped and sized steering wheel, with gearshift paddles to its rear. Ergonomically, this is a fine cabin.

It’s also one that looks the part at a distance and in parts. Leather and well-finished wood adorn most surfaces, and there is a new-to-Jaguar digital dashboard display, in place of conventional, real analogue dials. Its resolution is fabulously high and there are some neat graphics: speeds closest to the car’s current velocity are highlighted, manual gearchange selection is shown beautifully and the left dial is replaced by a small sat-nav map prompt at times.

However, it serves to make the central touch-screen display poorer than its mediocre resolution and design would otherwise appear, while in a few other places the cabin doesn't quite come up to scratch; the materials of the air vents, for example, can’t match their appearance. The XJ’s extended bright work package also creates some harsh reflections, especially when the shades for the panoramic roof are folded away.

A taller profile at the rear of the XJ has given it one major advantage over its predecessors: boot volume has increased to 520 litres, a volume that’s now class average and betters that of a BMW 7-series.

2. EXTERIOR:-


Where the latest XJ does follow its predecessor is in the use of aluminium for its body panels and chassis, an expensive process but one that, in the luxury class, only Audi’s A8 shares. Unsullied by the A8’s four-wheel drive system, however, the rear-wheel-drive XJ is one of the lightest cars in this class – barely 40kg heavier than the smaller (though steel-built) XF saloon even in long-wheelbase form.

Certainly the XJ is forward-looking, and as with most advanced designs it doesn’t entirely avoid courting controversy. I know it’s subjective but, for the record, I like the XJ’s overall design stance, even if I'm not entirely convinced about its rear. Arguably the XJ’s most controversial feature — the black-clad C-pillars — are designed to blend seamlessly with the rear screen to give the impression that it wraps around. 


To accentuate the XJ’s length and give it a ‘waisted’ look, the swage line that starts from the top of the front wheel arch fades away through the middle of the car, before reappearing over the rear arch. Finally the headlight design first seen on Jaguar’s C-XF concept makes it to series production. Automatic xenon bulbs and LED daylight running lights are standard on all models. The rear lights are all LED. Jaguar says the three distinct red strips are reminiscent of a cat’s claw marks. The XJ L gets a wheelbase extended by 125mm over the standard wheelbase. Jaguar says that, unusually, the long-wheelbase model was developed to have dynamics to match those of the regular car.

This four-door saloon that comes in sports coupe body is justified by sweeping roofline, swept-back Xenon light clusters. The Jaguar XJ bonnet is wider, sculpted power bulge and rigid looking manly wheels make the vehicle the most aerodynamic. Headlamps seems awesome with Adaptive front lighting, cornering lamps with washers and LED Signature lights. Other exterior features include power folding electric adjusted exterior mirrors, auto dimming with Courtesy Puddle lamps and memory function, heated windscreen,rain sensing windscreen wipers, heated rear window, front parking aid and rear parking camera aid (both include touch-screen visual indicators). Apart form this, the car incorporates LED tail lamps and tailpipes (twin with chrome finishers). The car sports a panoramic glass roof which is standard on all new XJ models. The glass roof can be swept back front the top of the windscreen.

Exterior Measurements:-

The four door luxury saloon is claimed more spacious and luxurious. The Jaguar XJ is crafted in a way as to give it a similar look of sports coupe. The overall length of the machine is 5,247mm, width 2110mm and height is 1,448mm. The wheelbase of the car is wider that is 3,157mm with ample rear legroom (1,121 mm). The overall weight of the vehicle is 2,335 kg.

PERFORMANCE AND ENGINE:-


Five years ago Jaguar finally woke up to a fact each of its German rivals had known for years. It’s all well and good having a flagship high-output, big-capacity petrol in your executive saloon range, but it’s diesels that sell. I wondered why Jaguar hadn’t done it sooner, the torque 2.7-litre V6 delivering both the smoothness and response required of a big Jag.

The new XJ gets a revised version of that original 2.7, now enlarged to displace 3.0 litres. While the same engine is available in the XF in two states of tune, the XJ gets only the high-output version with 271bhp and 443lb ft of torque. Which, unless you’re doing really high-speed autobahn work, will be plenty. And even there the XJ needs just 12.4sec to accelerate from 110-130mph. If anything, our recorded 0-60mph time of 6.3sec somewhat undersells quite how effortlessly the XJ diesel adds speed in real-world use.

Left to its own devices, the six-speed torque converter performs a well judged balancing act between selecting the right gear and keeping the engine's revs low for consumption and refinement. In Sport mode the gearbox hold gears for longer and the shifts are quicker (and a little less smooth). Flicking the steering wheel-mounted paddles operates a manual mode which, if the car is set to Dynamic mode, will hold gears to the limiter. 
It will still kick down, though.


The quickest XJ is a 503bhp supercharged V8 which develops more torque than any other model, even the diesel, and which the figures say can hurl you from 0-60mph in just 4.7sec, which is not far short of a Ferrari’s time. I've not timed it using my GPS equipment, but it feels every bit that fast. Top speed is still limited at the usual 155mph unless you opt for the go-faster Speed pack.

The lower-powered petrol delivers 380bhp and 380lb ft of torque - as well as a creamy performance that suits the car's character. Official economy is actually only marginally better than the Supersport's, although not having the temptation to deploy supercar-rivalling pace will almost certainly reap financial dividends in real-world driving.

The XJ's well-modulated brakes are as impressive on the motorway as they are in stop-start traffic, and also deliver impressively short stopping distances.

In view to make the car very special in term of performance, the vehicle is blessed with air suspension, quick-ratio power steering and Adaptive Dynamics which work together for amazing handling and control. The bodyshell of the four-wheeler is made of advanced lightweight aluminium monocoque which results in faster acceleration, greater handling, better mileage and shorter stopping distances.

RIDE AND HANDLING AND BRAKING:-


Is the ride of the Jaguar XJ good enough? That’s the question we kept coming back to in our time with the car. Initial impressions were that the XJ felt a little too jittery. The complaint was not with big-bump absorption, but that small ridges occasionally cause a cross-cabin vibration. However, with time this initial complaint seemed to fade. That is not to forgive the XJ a fault, because the fact is that over some surfaces it simply isn’t as isolated as a Mercedes S-class.

But – and it’s a big but – in other areas the XJ has the S-class licked. Especially in terms of body control, where the XJ impresses not only in its ability to handle direction changes, but also over a choppy road and with its composure at motorways speeds. At the end of a long journey the XJ delivers its passengers refreshed and relaxed

.

Braking and handling are unmatchable in this new machine which is also the flagship model of the company. The vehicle is equipped with front

 ventilated disc brake and rear disc brakes. The brakes are fitted with latest ABS systems which ensure instant halting at any level of speed. Features like Adaptive Dynamics, air suspension and quick-ratio power steering help to handle the four-wheeler in a much better way as to give a fine riding and control. The Jaguar XJ advanced lightweight aluminium monocoque bodyshell is very much to add faster acceleration and more precise handling. Handling is also refined through Adaptive Dynamics, air suspension and quick-ratio power steering.















The XJ is a car of nearly two tonnes, but from the driver’s seat it never feels so portly. The steering is light and quick but accurate, and for such a long car the balance is impressively neutral. And even in the XJ D there’s the very real sense that the car is being pushed through a corner by its rear wheels.

But it’s the fact that the XJ combines the involvement of this ‘old-fashioned’ approach to dynamics with all the control you’d expect of a modern saloon and the serenity of a luxury product that makes it so compelling.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:-

Jaguar XJ Variants

VariantsTransmissionEngine DescriptionMileagePowerACPower SteeringCentral Locking
CityHighway
5.0L (Petrol)Automatic5000cc
8 Cylinder 32 Valve
5.810.5379.7 bhp @ 6500 rpmStandardStandardStandard
5.0LV8 Supercharged(Petrol)Automatic5000cc
8 Cylinder 32 Valve
5.810.5503 bhp @ 6000-6500 rpmStandardStandardStandard
3.0L(Diesel)Automatic2993cc
6 Cylinder 24 Valve
5.810.5271.2 bhp @ 4000 rpmStandardStandardStandard




Courtesy:- AARUSH



Renault Duster





RENAULT DUSTER "DESIGN FOR BEING REGAL"

PROS:-

  • Design
  • Value
  • Fit and Finish sophisticated look

CONS:-

  • No 4x4 Wheels

OVERVIEW:-


With striking looks, well-appointed and spacious interior, loads of cargo space, and nice ride quality, the Duster makes for a compelling package. The top-end variant with a 1.5-litre dCI engine that pumps out 110PS is definitely more delightful to drive than the detuned 85PS version. The Duster has the mettle and the grunt to handle the urban jungle and a bit of spirited rough road driving with élan. It’s ideal for small-sized families wanting a bigger car.

There has been considerable hype surrounding the Duster. That it was going to be launched with a killer price tag, that it will be a make or break vehicle for Renault in India and that it will be well-built, reliable and easy to maintain. Does it live up to all that hype and more importantly, will it satiate this fast emerging hunger among car buyers for a vehicle that is like a sports utility and is yet as practical as a car?

Just like the scenario in the late nineties when there was a latent demand for small cars, I'm now at the cusp of an explosion in demand for SUVs and vans. What is driving the surge in demand - the need for a second car, the pent up desire to own a vehicle with a butch road presence and possibly to a much lesser extent the need for a people's mover.

EXTERIOR DESIGN:-


The Duster which sports a Dacia badge in many other markets shares more than just the name with the previous car from the stable. The Logan platform forms the base on which the Duster was built. In terms of design though, the Duster is a step up over the Logan, but just about. The Duster's design is not very adventurous or quirkily French, but at least it is got all the right attributes that we Indians appreciate in a stocky-looking SUV.

At about 4,315mm, the Duster is just over the 4-metre length limit for small cars. But, the Duster looks much bigger thanks to its raised stance (ground clearance is 205mm), the large, flared wheel arches rising all the way upto the shoulder line and the off-road worthy approach and departure angles. More SUV-ish features that add to its muscular stance and road presence are the roof rails, the running boards on either side and the big bonnet slab, which is laid almost horizontal to the road. The India-spec Duster has had a few changes to its design, the most prominent of which is the fresh and chunky bonnet grille. The fat three-slat grille design adds a dash of aggressiveness to the design of the Duster.

Like many SUVs today, the Duster positions its full-size spare tyre under the body rather than on the hatch. The rounded tail does make the Duster look a bit hunchbacked, but the blister effect beside the small tail-lamps is unique.


Underpinning the Duster is Renault’s hardy B platform that also forms the basis for the Renault Logan (now Mahindra Verito), though the Duster’s wheelbase is marginally longer. Its Monique construction also allows it to sit lower than conventional body-on-ladder SUVs. For now, India only gets the front-wheel-drive Duster, which employs MacPherson struts in the front and a programme-deflection torsion beam axle at the rear. The four-wheel-drive version, which is unlikely to be available before late 2013, uses a slightly different rear suspension (independent MacPherson struts) to accommodate the 4WD hardware. All 108.5bhp diesel Duster variants get ABS, EBD and brake assist and ventilated front discs and rear drums as standard.

INTERIOR DESIGN:-


The Duster's cabin is very much sedan-like, though the slightly over-vertical centre stack is the give-away SUV trait. When I sit behind the wheel the raised SUV seating position is very obvious, but still, my shoulder is above the window line. The interior of the Duster sports a biege-black or cream and black twin colour theme. The dashboard design has been reworked in parts for the Indian version. The design is simple and functional overall, with all the knobs and controls within easy reach for the driver, except the rotary electrical adjustment knob for the door mirrors which is strangely located below the handbrake lever.

The Duster is a bit wider than the Logan, but there is not much of the extra space in the cabin. I am guessing much of the extra width must have been lost to fatter door panels. So, when you sit at the wheel, the door armrest is right next to you. But there is no feeling of being cramped and the eight-way adjustable driver's seat is so comfy that you'll hardly notice the Duster's hatchback levels of shoulder room. But, you get fairly generous amounts of legroom and headroom (905mm at the second row) both at the front two and the rear bench seats. In fact, the rear bench seat hardly feels like a bench, with very decent amounts of lumbar and thigh support. I was told that the seats were completely reworked for the India-spec Duster. The rear parcel shelf is also different from the other country versions

.

But more than anything else, it is the quality of plastics throughout the cabin that disappoint. Some bits, like the well-finished door handles and curvy instrument binnacle, do look nice, but elsewhere the hard plastics seem straight out of a budget hatchback. The pillar-like rear AC vent (engineered especially for India) stands out like a sore thumb, looks cheap, and also eats into middle-passenger legroom. Everything does feel solidly put together though and the fit between panels on the dashboard is decent. The dashboard itself is quite functional, but places the air-con controls a bit low for comfortable access; the mechanically operated air-con switches, both front and rear, also feel quite rudimentary. Then there’s the unusual positioning of the electric mirror adjuster under the handbrake lever, and audio controls on the steering column (and hence out of sight) that take time getting used to. Thankfully, Renault has re positioned the power window switches from the dashboard to dedicated pods on the doors before launching the Duster here, but it’s still not perfect.


With no third row of seats to eat into boot space as with seven-seat SUVs, the Duster has plenty of space for cargo. The boot is cleverly shaped and can gobble up a lot more luggage than its 475-litre capacity suggests. Folding down the single-piece rear bench further increases the carrying capacity to 1,064 litres.

PERFORMANCE:-

The Duster is offered with two engines, one each of petrol and diesel. Knowing well that the diesel is likely to be the overwhelming choice, Renault India is offering the engine in two states of tune. Of course, the engine here is the now familiar 1.5L K9K dCi engine, which is shared by quite a few cars from the brand. The variant with the higher state of tune features this 1,461cc diesel engine with a variable geometry turbocharger and an intercooler, which together bump up the peak power to 110PS, which is available from about 3,900 rpm. Peak torque of 248Nm is delivered at a bit delayed 2,250 rpm. Just like the numbers indicate, the engine starts delivering decent levels of pulling power to the front wheels only after the needle crosses the 1,500 rpm level.

I drove this version of the Duster only and though I felt the turbo lag a bit more due to the hilly terrain that I was testing it out in, buyers who will be mostly driving it in urban conditions will probably not miss more torque in lower end of the rpm band. This 110PS variant is mated to a six-speed gearbox with a very sedan-like short throw, slick shifting gear stick. The same common rail direct injection engine is also offered with a lower tune state. Here the engine produces 85PS of power at 3,750 rpm and peak torque output is 200Nm at 1,900rpm.

Going by the stats, this engine could be the one that is more suited to urban driving conditions, with more lower end torque and possibly more fuel efficiency too. This could be the version that rakes in the most numbers, since most city buyers should be satisfied with this level of performance. Both the diesel variants offer the best performance when the engine is kept within a 2,000 to 3,500 rpm band.

The petrol engine on offer is the Renault 1.6 K4M engine. The 1,598cc engine produces 104PS of peak power at 5,850 rpm and 145Nm of peak torque at 3,750 rpm. The petrol engine version and the 85PS diesel version are both paired with a 5-speed gearbox. The Duster is not being offered with a four-wheel drive option, though it is available in other markets.

RIDE AND HANDLING:-


The manner in which the Duster casually dismisses the worst patches of road makes it a more comfortable drive than all comparably priced saloons too. The suspension always goes about its business in a quiet manner, sharp bumps like expansion joints are easily filtered out and your passengers won’t be able to tell the size of the crater you just drove over.

Even at highway speeds, the Duster remains very composed and free from any undue up-and-down movement. Its wide footprint and relatively low centre of gravity also come together to give it good stability at all speeds and also under braking. Body control is also good and roll is fairly well contained. But, driving up a twisty section, I found the Duster lacked the agility you’d expect from a monocoque SUV. While it is not ponderous around bends, it is not as engaging as a Honda CR-V either. The electro-hydraulic steering doesn’t serve up much feedback either, with some slack at the straight-ahead position. However, it is light enough at low speeds, which is a boon in city confines. A tight turning circle further aids the Duster’s ease of use.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:-

What's the cost:-
  • Ex Showroom :- Rs. 10.99 Lakhs
  • Warranty :- 4 years/ 80K KM

Engine:-
  • Fuel:- Diesel
  • Installation:- Front, Transverse
  • Type:- 4 Cylinder, 1461 CC
  • Bore/Stroke:- 76.0/80.5 mm
  • Compression Ratio:- 15.3:1
  • Valve Gear:- 2 Valves Per Cylinder
  • Power:- 108.5 BHP @ 3900 RPM
  • Torque:- 25.3 BHP/ Tonne

Transmission:-
  • Type:- Front-Wheel Drive
  • Gear Box:- Six- Sped Manual

Dimension:-
  • Length:- 4315 mm
  • Width:- 1822 mm
  • Height:- 1695 mm
  • Wheel Base:- 2673 mm
  • Boot Volume:- 475 Litres
  • Ground Clearance:- 205 mm

Suspension:-
  • Front:- Independent, MacPherson Strut, Anti-Roll Bar
  • Rear:- Non-Independent, Torsion Beam Axle

Steering:-
  • Type:- Rack and Pinion
  • Type of Power Assist:- Electro-Hydraulic
  • Turning Circle:- 10.4mm

Brakes:-
  • Front:- Ventilated Discs
  • Rear:- Drum
  • Anti-Lock:- Yes

Performance:-
  • 0-20:- 1.23
  • 0-40:- 2.64
  • 0-60:- 4.78
  • 0-80:- 7.79
  • 0-100:- 11.85
  • 0-120:- 17.56
  • 0-140:- 26.78

Economy:-
  • City:- 11.8 KPL
  • Highway:- 17 KPL
  • Tank:- 50-Litres

Range at a Glance:-
  • Petrol:- 1.6 Petrol, 102.5 BHP Rs 7.19-8.19 Lacs
  • Diesel:- 1.5 Diesel, 84 BHP and 108.5 BHP Rs 9.99-11.29 Lacs.

VERDICT:-

The Duster is compact, yet offers the right road presence, its kerb weight is just about 1,300 kgs, has a turning radius of just 5.2 meters and is said to be capable of a rated mileage of about 18 km/pl (84 PS diesel variant). All of these are almost small car like and just the attributes that value conscious buyers will look for. Between the three engine versions there are a total of 8 variants and they are priced in the range of Rs 7.2 lakh to Rs 11.3 lakh (ex-showroom). That positions it squarely next to the existing SUVs like the Scorpio, XUV 5oo, Tata Safari and even sedans like the Hyundai Verna and the Honda City.

COURTESY:- AARUSH

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